Pregnancy Ultrasound

Second Trimester (14 to 27 weeks gestation)

During the second trimester of pregnancy, which occurs between 14 to 27 weeks of gestation, a detailed fetal ultrasound is commonly performed. This ultrasound is significant as it allows healthcare providers to assess the baby's anatomy and check for any growth concerns or birth defects.

The purpose of the second-trimester ultrasound is to provide a thorough examination of the baby's physical structures and development. It allows healthcare providers to measure the size of the baby's organs, limbs, and other physical features. They also assess the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby, as low levels could indicate potential issues with kidney function or fetal well-being.

The second-trimester ultrasound also helps in determining the position of the placenta and identifying any abnormalities or concerns. It allows healthcare providers to check the development and placement of the baby's internal organs, detect any possible signs of birth defects or congenital disorders, and assess the overall growth and well-being of the baby.

Additionally, the second-trimester ultrasound may also reveal the baby's sex if desired by the parents. However, it's important to note that the accuracy of determining the baby's sex through ultrasound can vary, and it is not the primary purpose of this diagnostic procedure. As well, ultrasound technicians are not qualified to share any diagnostic information, including the sex of the child.

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Third Trimester (after 27 weeks gestation)

Third-trimester fetal ultrasounds performed after 27 weeks of gestation are crucial for monitoring the health and development of both the baby and the mother. These ultrasounds are especially important in high-risk pregnancies or when specific concerns arise.

One of the main purposes of third-trimester ultrasounds is to assess the baby's growth and size. Healthcare providers use these ultrasounds to measure the baby's head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length. This information helps ensure that the baby is growing appropriately and can identify any potential issues, such as fetal growth restriction or macrosomia (excessive fetal growth).

Another important aspect evaluated during these ultrasounds is the location of the placenta. In some cases, the placenta may be low-lying or covering the cervix (placenta previa), which can lead to complications during delivery. The ultrasound helps determine the exact position of the placenta and guides healthcare providers regarding the safest mode of delivery.

Additionally, third-trimester ultrasounds measure the amniotic fluid levels around the baby. Too much or too little amniotic fluid can indicate potential problems with the baby's kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, or other organs. Monitoring amniotic fluid levels is essential for ensuring the baby's well-being.

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How should I prepare for an obstetrical ultrasound?

When preparing for an ultrasound scan during pregnancy, there are a few steps you can take to ensure a successful and informative examination. One important thing to keep in mind is the need to drink water before the ultrasound appointment. The full bladder helps to provide a clear view of the womb and the developing fetus. We recommend you drink 3 cups (24 oz / 750 mL) of fluid. This can include coffee, tea, juice, water, etc. but not milk.

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What happens during an obstetrical ultrasound?

During a pregnancy ultrasound scan, a transducer connected to the ultrasound machine is used to send high-frequency sound waves into the body. This handheld device emits sound waves that penetrate the skin and tissues, then bounce back or echo off the internal structures, creating a picture on a screen.

The process begins by applying a gel to the skin to help the sound waves travel more easily. The transducer is then moved over the abdomen in the case of an abdominal ultrasound or inserted into the vagina for a transvaginal ultrasound. The transducer captures these echoes and sends them to a computer, which converts them into visual images.

Abdominal ultrasounds are typically performed after the first trimester and provide a comprehensive view of the baby and the reproductive organs. Transvaginal ultrasounds are often conducted in early pregnancy to get a closer view of the pregnancy and detect any abnormalities.

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What happens after a pregnancy ultrasound?

After an ultrasound, the sonographer will wipe off the gel from your abdomen and provide you with ultrasound pictures if they are available. If the technician is not able to provide photos, you can be assured that there was a good reason for it.

Within 24 hours of your scan, a radiologist will review the images and provide your primary physician with a detailed report of their findings. Your physician will address any concerns or questions you may have regarding the ultrasound and/or pregnancy.

Remember, an ultrasound is an essential diagnostic tool that helps monitor the health of both the mother and baby. It allows healthcare professionals to detect any potential issues or abnormalities early on, enabling prompt medical intervention if needed.

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Can I find out the sex of my baby?

During a pregnancy ultrasound, it is possible to determine the sex of the baby, but it is important to note that this is not always guaranteed. The examination of the genitals, which is typically done during the second-trimester scan between 18 to 22 weeks, can provide clues about the baby's sex.

The ultrasound technician will carefully examine the baby's genital area during the scan. They will look for certain markers or characteristics that indicate whether the baby is male or female. However, it is important to understand that the accuracy of determining the baby's sex can vary.

If you are eager to know the sex of your baby, you can request that it be noted on the final ultrasound report. However, it is crucial to remember that only your healthcare provider can provide the official results. They have the training and expertise to accurately interpret the ultrasound images and provide you with the most reliable information.

It's important to note that determining the sex of the baby is just one aspect of the ultrasound examination. The primary purpose of the ultrasound is to assess the baby's development and detect any potential health issues or abnormalities. The healthcare provider will provide a comprehensive evaluation, taking into account various factors and considerations.

Overall, while determining the sex of your baby during a pregnancy ultrasound is possible, it is important to approach this information with caution and rely on your healthcare provider for accurate results.

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What factors might limit the information that I get from an ultrasound?

Several factors can limit the information obtained from an ultrasound in pregnancy. The timing of the ultrasound is crucial, as certain abnormalities or markers may not be visible during specific stages of pregnancy. For example, some birth defects may not be detectable until later in the pregnancy.

The size and position of the baby can also impact the ultrasound results. If the baby is in a difficult position or is moving around a lot, it may be challenging for the ultrasound technician to capture clear images. The location of the placenta can also obstruct the view of certain areas and make it more difficult to obtain accurate information.

Another factor to consider is the level of amniotic fluid. If the levels are too low, it may make it more challenging to visualize certain structures or detect potential abnormalities. On the other hand, excessive amniotic fluid can also affect the ultrasound results.

In the case of twins or multiples, it can be more challenging to obtain clear images and accurately assess the individual development of each baby.

Other factors that can impact the ultrasound results include the fullness of the bladder, as a full bladder can provide a clearer view of the pelvic organs, and maternal weight, as thicker layers of tissue may make it more difficult to obtain detailed images.

It's important to keep in mind that while ultrasounds are a valuable tool for assessing fetal development and detecting potential health issues, they do have limitations. Factors such as timing, baby size and position, placenta location, amniotic fluid levels, presence of twins or multiples, bladder fullness, and maternal weight can all impact the accuracy and completeness of the ultrasound results. It is essential to consult with your healthcare provider to fully understand the implications of these factors and to obtain the most reliable information about your pregnancy.

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Can I get pictures from the ultrasound?

At all Insight clinics, where possible, pictures will be provided from your pregnancy ultrasound. 

However, it is important to note that ultrasounds should only be used for medical purposes and not solely for non-medical, keepsake purposes. Medical institutions, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, recommend against the use of ultrasound for creating keepsake images or videos. These scans are performed so that your health professionals can monitor fetal growth, detect any potential abnormalities or birth defects, and assess the overall well-being of the pregnancy.

It is crucial to prioritize the medical well-being of both the mother and the baby. Healthcare providers utilize ultrasounds as diagnostic tools to ensure a healthy pregnancy and to detect and monitor any potential health conditions or complications.